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Zener Diode



Zener Diode :-


                   A zener diode is a type of diode that permits current not only in the forward direction like a normal diode, but also in the reverse direction if the voltage is larger than the breakdown voltage known as "Zener knee voltage" or "Zener voltage

Purpose of zener diode :-

     The functions of a Zener Diode include operating the breakdown region. It is also known as voltage-regulator diodes. They maintain a constant output voltage.





Varactor diode :-

                                Varactor diode are also known as tuning diode It is a kind of type diode whose capacitance varies as a function of the voltage applied across its terminals.
Purpose of Varactor diode :-
                               They are used in frequency multipliers , also used as voltage controlled capacitors



    Optical diode

Optical diode, is an optical component which allows the transmission of light in only one direction.


Application of optical diode

Optical diode is mainly used in the main component, the Faraday rotator.




PIN DIODE                                                                                     
A PIN diode is a diode with a wide, lightly doped 'near'  intrinsic semiconductor region between a p-type semi-conductor and an n-type semiconductor region. The p-type and n-type regions are typically heavily doped because they are used for ohmic contacts.

Applications


PIN diodes are useful as RF switches, attenuators, and photodetectors.




Step recovery diode


Step recovery diode (SRD) is a semiconductor junction diode having the ability to generate extremely short pulses




 

Tunnel Diode 

This diode is a two terminal device. The concentration of dopants in both p and n region is very high. It is about 1024 - 1025 m-3 the p-n junction is also abrupt. For this reasons, the depletion layer width is very small. In the current voltage characteristics of tunnel diode, we can find a negative slope region when forward bias is applied. Quantum mechanical tunneling is responsible for the phenomenon and thus this device is named as tunnel diode.

PURPOSE

The application of transistors is very high in frequency range are hampered due to the transit time and other effects. Many devices use the negative conductance property of semi-conductors for high frequency applications. Tunnel diode is one of the most commonly used negative conductance devices. It is also known as Esaki diode after L. Esaki for his work on this effect.

APPLICATION

Tunnel Diode Oscillator


Tunnel diode can make a very stable oscillator circuit when they are coupled to a tuned circuit or cavity, biased at the center point of negative resistance region. Here is an example of tunnel diode oscillatory circuit.









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